As revealed in Table I and Fig. 2, AS-IV leads to apoptosis largely because of the mitochondrial-dependent intrinsic pathway as well as the death receptor-dependent extrinsic pathway. The intrinsic pathway contributes to the discharge of cytochrome cTCMs are commonly used in clinical treatment in various Asian nations around the world. They drastic
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13,thirty Additionally, CCL2 has been reported to enhance osteoclastogenesis by inducing the expression of receptor activator of NF-?B (RANK) by osteoclast progenitors.31 RANK ligand (RANKL) additional promotes the differentiation of osteoclast progenitors into practical osteoclasts, which could aggravate DP by leading to alveolar bone resorption.3